Hermann Hesse -L'ultima estate di Klingsor
The autobiographical novel is set in Switzerland, by Lake Lugano. The painter Klingsor is just over forty but has had a full and passionate life: his existence, consumed by deep passions, is nearing its end. It is summer, the summer that will be the painter's last. He lives intensely but restlessly with his lifelong obsessions: painting, the joy of creation, friendship, romantic loves, the enchantment of nature. But time passes inexorably towards the final epilogue.

"A fiery and intense summer had begun. The scorching days, though long, fled like banners ablaze, while the brief and sultry moonlit nights alternated with brief and sultry nights of rain, the splendid weeks passed deliriously like swift dreams, overloaded with visions."
(Hermann Hesse) more
Hermann Hesse -Demian
Written during World War I, it emerged from a profound inner crisis experienced by the author, leading him to make a radical turn not only in his literary journey but also in his existential and human path.

In Demian, there are indeed autobiographical echoes of Hesse's reflection on his tormented adolescence, which he claimed to have come to a rational understanding of only twenty years later, precisely thanks to this work. (cit. wiki) more
Hermann Hesse -Sotto la ruota
- There are various autobiographical elements in the story, as Hesse as a young man attended and was expelled from the seminary described with the 'diagnosis' of nervous breakdown.

- The young protagonist will have to confront, on one side, the demanding and cold pedagogy of the time (the wheel under which he will ultimately find himself crushed), and on the other, the deeper desires and inspirations he nurtures within himself. (from wiki) more
Hermann Hesse -Peter Camenzind
The story tells of a Suchende – that is, a seeker, as most of the characters of the German writer are – named Peter Camenzind, who leaves his village as a young boy to dedicate himself to studies and then works as a writer. A very refined character, through his pilgrimages he learns to know the city, the world, and humanity through experiences, sometimes positive and sometimes negative, that will mark him. (from wiki) more
Hermann Hesse -La cura
The Glass Bead Game (1925), which follows shortly after Siddhartha (1922) and is in a way “the other side” of it.

Just as there one witnessed a journey toward enlightenment, here we “unpack” a self-assured Western enlightened man, who is put into crisis by small everyday incidents – and from this, he is led to reconsider certain of his overly complacent beliefs.

But the endpoint is the same: in that “psychology of the cosmic eye” which is the great gift of Hesse, before which “there is no longer anything small, foolish, ugly, or wicked, but everything is sacred and venerable” (cit. Adelphi). more
Hermann Hesse -Siddhartha
The success of the book came two decades after its publication and was buoyed by the Nobel Prize awarded to Hesse in 1946. It was largely the result of young people who made the figure of Siddhartha a compendium of adolescent restlessness, the anxiety of self-discovery, and the pride of the individual in the face of the world and history, united in an uncompromising rejection.
(cit. wiki) more
Georges I. Gurdjieff -Incontri con uomini straordinari
Posthumously published in 1960, Gurdjieff not only introduces us to his teachings, but also lifts the veil on his life before arriving in France. For him, however, as for the ancient sages, veiling and unveiling are the same gesture, so everything will be found in these memories except for a cut of documentary accuracy: these memories, astonishing like a lavish adventure novel, animated in every line by a skillful buffoonery and a spiky brusqueness, narrated in the same manner he employed in life, with an Eastern simplicity that bewildered for its appearance of naivety, are for Gurdjieff primarily a tool to initiate the reader into his doctrines, to subject him to a series of shocks and paradoxes that could guide him towards awakening.
(from Adelphi) more
Nikolaj Gogol’ -L'ispettore generale
- It is a satirical play, considered one of the masterpieces of the Russian writer. The characters are corrupt, opportunists, businessmen, exploiters that Gogol' sculpts with ironic involvement as exaggerated, grotesque, duplicitous, ready for anything.
- We are in a small town lost in the vast expanse of Russia, suddenly awakened from its everyday routine of normal and dishonest prevarication by the news of the arrival, from St. Petersburg, of a general inspector, an auditor, sent there to inspect the local notables. Everyone is in turmoil and afraid. Imagine when they believe that the general inspector, in disguise, has already arrived in town. In reality, it is a broke young man who immediately understands the benefits he can gain from the situation. (from wiki) more
Nikolaj Gogol’ -Le anime morte
- It was originally published under the title The Adventures of Chichikov, with the subtitle Poem imposed by the Tsarist censors. It comically recounts the misadventures of a small-time con artist from the provinces of the Russian Empire in the 1820s; the novel is also a fervent denunciation of human mediocrity.
- The initial idea for the book was suggested to Gogol' by Pushkin and is based on a news item.
- This novel is a watershed in Russian literature, which until that moment seemed oblivious to certain realities...
(quoted from wiki) more
Nikolaj Gogol’ -Taras Bul'ba
In this work, the themes of duma, the Ukrainian folk song, the eternal struggle between Catholics and Orthodox, the autonomy of the Cossacks, and the code of honor and dedication that binds the inhabitants to one another emerge. (from wiki) more
Nikolaj Gogol’ -Racconti di Pietroburgo
A barber wakes up early, gets out of bed, breaks the freshly baked bread, and sees inside "something whitish": a nose.
Thus begins one of the most famous tales in all of literature, alongside in this collection four other stories, no less significant and renowned: The Portrait, where a painting carries with it, over the years, all the evil that was in the soul of the character represented; The Perspective, a tale of encounters and fatal or fleeting passions against the ever-changing, sometimes unsettling backdrop of Nevsky Prospekt; The Diary of a Madman, the diary of a lonely man spiraling into madness; The Cloak, a drama of a poor clerk who suffers the theft of his new coat, having accustomed an already miserable life to further, pathetic restrictions. (from Adelphi) more
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe -Le affinità elettive
The novel tells the story of a married couple who, living with his friend and her niece, face the disintegration of their relationship and the formation of two new couples, which in a very short time will split up due to a series of adverse events, leading to a tragic conclusion. (from wiki) more
Carlo Emilio Gadda -Quer pasticciaccio brutto de via Merulana
Commissioner "Don Ciccio" Ingravallo, witty and proud from Molise, is tasked with investigating a jewelry theft from an elderly woman of Venetian origins, widow Menegazzi. Subsequently, the wife of a rather wealthy man, Mrs. Liliana Balducci, is murdered in the same building where the robbery took place. The scene of the theft and the murder is a gloomy palace on Via Merulana 219, known as the "Palazzo degli Ori", located not far from the Colosseum. Around it is a crowd of extras: the frail and wilted Countess Menegazzi, victim of the theft, the commendator Angeloni "prosciuttofilo", the brigadiers from the police station, the Carabinieri of Marino searching for clues in the countryside, and the blurred figures of the maids and nieces. The mystery ultimately leads to the discovery of a suspect: the last maid of Liliana, but without any confirmation of this. (cit. wiki) more
Carlo Fruttero, Massimo Gramellin -La patria, bene o male
- The Italian history is retraced in 150 dates to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the Unification of Italy. The dates chosen by the two writers are not only the historical ones found in books but also dates of events with a personal tone: stories of the people that make up Italy (da recensionelibro.it).
- It does not seem appropriate to suggest to our readers that they should not expect the grand frescoes of Thucydides or Tacitus, of Machiavelli or Gibbon. Everyone knows we are not historians, and we wouldn't have the craft or genius to aspire to such heights. But from those masters, we have indeed learned a lesson: objective history, impartial history, definitively truthful history does not exist; it can only be an aspiration, a goal glimpsed but unreachable. Every page of this book is arbitrary and contestable. (CF & MG) more
Sigmund Freud -Totem e tabù
"Totem and Taboo: Resemblances Between the Mental Life of Savages and Neurotics" is a book published in 1913. It is a collection of four essays originally published in the journal Imago (1912-13) utilizing the application of psychoanalysis in the fields of archaeology, anthropology, and the study of religion.

The four essays are titled:
- The Horror of Incest
- Taboo and Emotional Ambivalence
- Animism, Magic, and the Omnipotence of Thoughts
- The Return of Totemism in Children
(from wiki) more
Sigmund Freud -Psicopatologia della vita quotidiana
- The work analyzes and describes missed acts and the so-called symptomatic and random actions, which differ from missed acts due to the absence of the pretext constituted by a conscious intention, comparing them with the symptoms and typical manifestations of subjects affected by neurosis.
- Freud dedicates the last chapter of the work to the belief in chance and superstition, stating that at their core lies a mechanism of projection directed towards a specific event in the external world. The author expresses an analogy between superstitious behavior and paranoid behavior. (from wiki) more
Sigmund Freud -L'interpretazione dei sogni
The entire opening of "Traumdeutung," the title by which the work is often cited, aims to document how the desire to grasp the mysterious meaning of dreams is not a novelty for which psychoanalysis can take credit, but rather that this need is inherent to the species once it reaches a certain level of civilization. In fact, the inclination to elucidate the obscure meaning of dreams has roots in the most distant antiquity (beginning with the activities of dream interpreters in the Temples of Asclepius in archaic Greece, and of oniromancers throughout the ancient Near East, as also reported in the Bible - cf. the episode of Joseph and the "Dream of Pharaoh"; and from the work of the 2nd century A.D. by Artemidorus of Daldis "Interpretation of Dreams"). -cit. Wikipedia- more
Francis Scott Fitzgerald -Il grande Gatsby
In this book, as his biographer Andrew Le Vot writes, Fitzgerald "reflects, better than in all his autobiographical writings, the heart of the problems that he and his generation had to face... In Gatsby, permeated as it is with a sense of sin and fall, Fitzgerald takes upon himself all the weakness and depravity of human nature." more
Richard P. Feynman -Sta scherzando, Mr Feynman!
The book collects a series of episodes narrated by the scientist himself, concerning the entirety of his life, starting from when, as a boy, he gained a reputation as a "magical" radio repairman, moving on to his university years at MIT, where a fervent curiosity for all fields of knowledge and his peculiar penchant for humor found numerous opportunities for fulfillment. (from wiki) more
William Faulkner -Le palme selvagge
Two stories narrated in alternating chapters that never intersect: that of the two lovers who flee from society to enclose themselves in their exclusive relationship and who, in the attempt to terminate a pregnancy, end up self-destructing; and that of the inmate who, during the great flood of the Mississippi, is sent in search of a pregnant woman clinging to a partially submerged tree, finds her, delivers the baby, brings them both to safety, and then, instead of fleeing, returns to the monastic society of the penitentiary. (cit. Adelphi) more