Coprophagous insects ingest and digest the feces of large animals; these contain substantial amounts of semi-digested food (the herbivorous digestive system is particularly inefficient). The most well-known feces-eating insect is the dung beetle, while the most widespread is the fly.
Pigs also exhibit the behavior of eating their own excrement or that of other animals. In South Korea, especially in Jeju-do, black pigs are often fed human waste, and their meat (usually served in traditional specialized restaurants) is highly prized.
Young elephants, pandas, koalas, and hippos consume their mother's feces to obtain the necessary bacteria for digesting the vegetation found in the savanna and jungle. At birth, their intestines are indeed sterile. Without these bacteria, they would be unable to derive any nutrients from plants.
The feces of hippos nourish river fish, which then constitute the main food resource for local populations. For this reason, the ruthless hunting of hippos has had a severely negative impact on fish fauna and on the life expectancy of human communities that rely on river fishing.
Gorillas eat their own feces and those of other individuals. Many ethologists attribute this behavior to the necessity of reabsorbing nutrients left undigested in the passage of vegetation through the intestine. Therefore, coprophagy has been rebranded as "second digestion." This hypothesis is contested, as if a digestive system leaves useful undigested material among the feces, it will all the more be unable to assimilate waste during the second passage. It is therefore possible that such behaviors stem from paraphilias similar to those in humans.
Hamsters eat their own feces; it is thought that this is a source of vitamin B and K, produced by bacteria in the intestine.
Some monkeys have been seen eating horse and elephant feces to obtain salt.
Coprophagy has also been observed in the naked mole rat.
Coprophagic behavior is common in dogs, whose metabolism often leads to deficiencies in minerals that need to be quickly replenished. That is why dogs ingest their own or others' feces. Horse manure is also particularly appealing to dogs.